DICOM Tag信息一般都以英文存储，出现中文时，可能会出现显示为乱码的情况，而导致乱码的原因通常是，存储的信息含有中文，而DICOM tag中指定的编码格式SpecificCharacterSet并不支持中文.

编码问题

常见的DICOM tag编码格式一般是ISO_IR 100，存储于SpecificCharacterSet（即0008,0005） tag中，该编码格式并不支持中文，因此DICOM信息中出现中文时，最好将这个tag的值改为ISO_IR 192即UTF-8编码。常见的DICOM tag编码对应关系可参考：

'ISO_IR 100': 'latin_1',
   'ISO_IR 101': 'iso8859_2',
   'ISO_IR 109': 'iso8859_3',
   'ISO_IR 110': 'iso8859_4',
   'ISO_IR 126': 'iso_ir_126',  # Greek
   'ISO_IR 127': 'iso_ir_127',  # Arabic
   'ISO_IR 138': 'iso_ir_138',  # Hebrew
   'ISO_IR 144': 'iso_ir_144',  # Russian
   'ISO_IR 148': 'iso_ir_148',  # Turkish
   'ISO_IR 166': 'iso_ir_166',  # Thai
   'ISO 2022 IR 6': 'iso8859',  # alias for latin_1 too
   'ISO 2022 IR 13': 'shift_jis',
   'ISO 2022 IR 87': 'iso2022_jp',
   'ISO 2022 IR 100': 'latin_1',
   'ISO 2022 IR 101': 'iso8859_2',
   'ISO 2022 IR 109': 'iso8859_3',
   'ISO 2022 IR 110': 'iso8859_4',
   'ISO 2022 IR 126': 'iso_ir_126',
   'ISO 2022 IR 127': 'iso_ir_127',
   'ISO 2022 IR 138': 'iso_ir_138',
   'ISO 2022 IR 144': 'iso_ir_144',
   'ISO 2022 IR 148': 'iso_ir_148',
   'ISO 2022 IR 149': 'euc_kr',
   'ISO 2022 IR 159': 'iso2022_jp_2',
   'ISO 2022 IR 166': 'iso_ir_166',
   'ISO 2022 IR 58': 'iso_ir_58',
   'ISO_IR 192': 'UTF8',  # from Chinese example, 2008 PS3.5 Annex J p1-4
   'GB18030': 'GB18030',
   'ISO 2022 GBK': 'GBK',  # from DICOM correction CP1234
   'ISO 2022 58': 'GB2312',  # from DICOM correction CP1234
   'GBK': 'GBK',  # from DICOM correction CP1234

使用SimpleITK读取DICOM tag

DICOM tag中含有中文时，可以利用SimpleITK读取Tag信息并转换为GBK编码，随后可以使用pydicom改变SpecificCharacterSet的值为ISO_IR 192(暂时未找到SimpleITK改变DICOM tag的方法)。以下是读取DICOM tag中PatientName并改变编码的示例：

import SimpleITK as sitk

dcm_path = '/path_to_dcm'
dcm = sitk.ReadImage(dcm_path)
patient_name = dcm.GetMetaData('0010|0010').strip().encode("utf-8", "surrogateescape").decode('gbk', 'replace')

ds = pydicom.dcmread(dcm_path)
ds.SpecificCharacterSet = 'ISO_IR 192'
ds.PatientName = patient_name
ds.save_as(dcm_path)

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